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Alcohol is an organic compound in which a hydroxyl group (–OH) is bonded to a saturated carbon atom. It's a broad category that includes many substances, but the most commonly known alcohol is ethanol, which is found in alcoholic beverages. 🧪 Chemical Definition - General formula: R–OH, where R is aRead more
Alcohol is an organic compound in which a hydroxyl group (–OH) is bonded to a saturated carbon atom. It’s a broad category that includes many substances, but the most commonly known alcohol is ethanol, which is found in alcoholic beverages.
🧪 Chemical Definition
– General formula: R–OH, where R is an alkyl group.
– The hydroxyl group makes alcohols polar and capable of forming hydrogen bonds.
🍷 Common Types of Alcohol
– Ethanol (C₂H₅OH): Used in drinks, sanitizers, and fuel.
– Methanol (CH₃OH): Toxic; used as an industrial solvent and antifreeze.
– Isopropanol (C₃H₇OH): Used as rubbing alcohol and disinfectant.
🔍 Properties
– Physical: Usually colorless liquids with a distinct odor.
– Chemical: Can undergo oxidation, dehydration, and substitution reactions.
🧬 Biological Impact
See less– Ethanol affects the central nervous system and is metabolized by the liver.
– Excessive consumption can lead to addiction and health issues.