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Alcohols are a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl (–OH) groups attached to a carbon atom. They are broadly classified based on the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group. 🧪 Classification of Alcohols 1. Primary Alcohol (Read more
Alcohols are a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl (–OH) groups attached to a carbon atom. They are broadly classified based on the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group.
🧪 Classification of Alcohols
1. Primary Alcohol (1°)
– The carbon with the –OH group is attached to only one other carbon.
– Example: Ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) — found in alcoholic beverages.
2. Secondary Alcohol (2°)
– The carbon with the –OH group is attached to two other carbon atoms.
– Example: Isopropanol (CH₃CHOHCH₃) — commonly used as rubbing alcohol.
3. Tertiary Alcohol (3°)
– The carbon with the –OH group is attached to three other carbon atoms.
– Example: Tert-butyl alcohol ((CH₃)₃COH) — used as a solvent and in organic synthesis.
🔬 Other Ways to Classify Alcohols
– Monohydric Alcohols: Contain one –OH group (e.g., Methanol).
See less– Dihydric Alcohols: Contain two –OH groups (e.g., Ethylene glycol).
– Polyhydric Alcohols: Contain more than two –OH groups (e.g., Glycerol).