What are the clinical types of dermatophytes?

Different types of dermatophytosis affect the body in different ways. Some types are mild, but some of them are serious. The common types of dermatophytosis include:

1. Tinea Pedis: Tinea pedis, also called Athlete’s foot, is a common skin infection of the feet caused by fungus. It may infect any part of the foot, but most often occurs between the toes (interdigital), with the space between the fourth and fifth digits most commonly afflicted.

2. Tinea Unguium: Tinea unguium, also known as Onychomycosis, is a fungal infection of the nail. Typical symptoms include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. Older people are affected more frequently, and males are affected more often than females.

3. Tinea Corporis: Tinea corporis also called tinea circinata and tinea glabrosa, is a superficial fungal infection of the arms and legs, especially on glabrous skin. Tinea corporis usually affects exposed skin but also might be spread from other infected sites. It can be acute (sudden onset and rapid spread) or chronic (slow extension of a mild, barely inflamed, rash).

4. Tinea Cruris: Tinea cruris, also referred to jock itch, is a fungal infection in the groin area in either sex, but more often in males. The infection results in itching or red with flaking skin.

5. Tinea Manuum: Tinea manuum or tinea manus, is a fungal infection of the hand. It is more aggressive than tinea pedis but similar in look. The observed symptoms in tinea manuum patients are itching, burning, cracking, and scaling.

6. Tinea Capitis: Tinea capitis, also known as herpes tonsurans and scalp ringworm, is a cutaneous fungal infection of the scalp. Its typical presentation is single or multiple patches of hair loss that may be accompanied by inflammation, scaling, pustules, and itching. Tinea manuum is predominantly seen in pre-pubertal children.

7. Tinea Barbae: Tinea barbae, also called Barber’s itch, is a fungal infection of the hair due to the infection around the bearded area of men. The transmission of tinea barbae is more often from animal to human than human to human.

8. Tinea Faciei: Tinea faciei is a fungal infection of the face. It usually results in a red rash on the face, followed by patches of small, raised bumps, and the skin may peel after treatment. Tinea faciei can spread easily to any region of the skin.

9. Tinea Versicolor: Tinea versicolor, also called pityriasis Versicolor, is a fungal infection of the skin. It is caused by yeast, and predominantly in adolescents and young adults. Tinea versicolor gets worse in hot, humid climates and may disappear during cool weather.

10. Tinea Nigra: Tinea nigra is a superficial mold infection of the stratum corneum that causes dark brown to black painless patches on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. Its clinical presentation is a single painless sharply demarcated brown to black macule on the palmar surface of the hand or finger or on the plantar surface of the foot or other sites.