Public Health

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Asked: 6 years agoIn: , , ,
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e.coli
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacteria that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Most E.coli strains are harmless, but some can cause serious food poisoning. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) is a bacterium that can cause severe foodborne disease.

    Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacteria that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Most E.coli strains are harmless, but some can cause serious food poisoning. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) is a bacterium that can cause severe foodborne disease.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn: , , ,
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enteric fever
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Enteric fever, also known as typhoid fever, is caused by the bacteria Salmonella Typhi (S Typhi) and Salmonella Paratyphi A and B. The pathogenesis of enteric fever depends on a number of factors including the infecting species and infectious dose. Ingested organisms survive exposure to gastric acidRead more

    Enteric fever, also known as typhoid fever, is caused by the bacteria Salmonella Typhi (S Typhi) and Salmonella Paratyphi A and B. The pathogenesis of enteric fever depends on a number of factors including the infecting species and infectious dose. Ingested organisms survive exposure to gastric acid before gaining access to the small bowel, where they penetrate the epithelium, enter the lymphoid tissue, and disseminate via the lymphatic or hematogenous route.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn: , , ,
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fungi
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Fungal infections, or mycosis, are diseases caused by a fungus (yeast or mold). Fungal infections are most common on your skin or nails, but fungi can also cause infections in your mouth, throat, lungs, urinary tract, and many other parts of your body. Fungi are living things that are classified sepRead more

    Fungal infections, or mycosis, are diseases caused by a fungus (yeast or mold). Fungal infections are most common on your skin or nails, but fungi can also cause infections in your mouth, throat, lungs, urinary tract, and many other parts of your body. Fungi are living things that are classified separately from plants or animals. They move around by spreading out or sending spores (reproductive parts) into the air or environment. Many fungi live naturally in our body (mouth, GI tract, skin) but can overgrow under certain circumstances.

    The symptoms of fungal infection will depend on the type, but common symptoms include skin changes, including cracking or peeling skin and itching. You’re at higher risk for fungal infections if you have a weakened immune system.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn: , , ,
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candidiasis
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by a yeast (a type of fungus) called Candida. Some species of Candida can cause infection in people; the most common is Candida albicans. Candida normally lives on the skin and inside the body, such as the mouth, throat, gut, and vagina, without causing problRead more

    Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by a yeast (a type of fungus) called Candida. Some species of Candida can cause infection in people; the most common is Candida albicans. Candida normally lives on the skin and inside the body, such as the mouth, throat, gut, and vagina, without causing problems. However, it can cause infections if it grows out of control or if it enters deep into the body.

    The clinical features of candidiasis vary according to the type of candidal infection. For example:
    1. Pseudomembranous oral candidiasis (oral thrush) presents with patches of curd-like, white, or yellowish plaques that can occur anywhere in the mouth, especially the cheeks, gums, palate, and tongue.
    2. Signs and symptoms of invasive candidiasis are often non-specific and include fever and chills that do not respond to antibacterial treatment. Candidemia is the most common form of invasive candidiasis.
    Other forms include endocarditis, peritonitis, meningitis, osteomyelitis, arthritis, and endophthalmitis.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn: , , ,
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diphtheria
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Diphtheria is caused by bacteria that adhere to the lining of your respiratory system and generate a toxin that damages your respiratory tissue cells. The pathogenesis of diphtheria is based upon two primary determinants: the ability of a given strain of C diphtheria to colonize in the nasopharyngeaRead more

    Diphtheria is caused by bacteria that adhere to the lining of your respiratory system and generate a toxin that damages your respiratory tissue cells. The pathogenesis of diphtheria is based upon two primary determinants: the ability of a given strain of C diphtheria to colonize in the nasopharyngeal cavity and/or on the skin, and its ability to produce diphtheria toxin. The organism produces a toxin that inhibits cellular protein synthesis and is responsible for local tissue destruction and formation of the pseudomembrane that is characteristic of this disease.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn: , , , ,
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diphtheria
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Diphtheria can be prevented through vaccination. There are four vaccines used to prevent diphtheria: DTaP, Tdap, DT, and Td. Each of these vaccines prevents diphtheria and tetanus; DTaP and Tdap also help prevent pertussis (whooping cough). Vaccines are available that help prevent diphtheria, an infRead more

    Diphtheria can be prevented through vaccination. There are four vaccines used to prevent diphtheria: DTaP, Tdap, DT, and Td. Each of these vaccines prevents diphtheria and tetanus; DTaP and Tdap also help prevent pertussis (whooping cough). Vaccines are available that help prevent diphtheria, an infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae bacteria.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn: , , ,
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diphtheria
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Diphtheria is a bacterial infection that usually affects the respiratory tract. One of the hallmark features of diphtheria is the formation of a thick, hard, gray-colored coating (pseudomembrane) lining the throat. The pseudomembrane may coat the tonsils, the nose, and other membranes in the respiraRead more

    Diphtheria is a bacterial infection that usually affects the respiratory tract. One of the hallmark features of diphtheria is the formation of a thick, hard, gray-colored coating (pseudomembrane) lining the throat. The pseudomembrane may coat the tonsils, the nose, and other membranes in the respiratory tract. As the membrane builds up and thickens, it can make it difficult to breathe.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn: , , ,
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tetanus
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala
    This answer was edited.

    The pathogenesis of tetanus is as follows: Clostridium tetani (C. tetani) spores usually enter the body through a wound or breach in the skin. In the presence of anaerobic conditions, the spores germinate and produce two toxins: oxygen-labile hemolysin also called tetanolysin, and a plasmid-encoded,Read more

    The pathogenesis of tetanus is as follows: Clostridium tetani (C. tetani) spores usually enter the body through a wound or breach in the skin. In the presence of anaerobic conditions, the spores germinate and produce two toxins: oxygen-labile hemolysin also called tetanolysin, and a plasmid-encoded, heat-labile neurotoxin called tetanospasmin. The plasmid carrying the gene for tetanospasmin is non-conjugative. The toxin binds to nerve endings at the site of injury and is transported by retrograde axonal flow to the spinal cord. The toxin then blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters, leading to unopposed muscle contraction.

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choleravibrio cholerae
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    The pathogenesis of Vibrio cholerae is as follows: The infection due to V. cholera is acquired due to the ingestion of contaminated food and drinks. Vibrio are highly susceptible to acids and gastric acidity provides an effective barrier against small doses of cholera vibrios. Once the bacteria reacRead more

    The pathogenesis of Vibrio cholerae is as follows: The infection due to V. cholera is acquired due to the ingestion of contaminated food and drinks. Vibrio are highly susceptible to acids and gastric acidity provides an effective barrier against small doses of cholera vibrios. Once the bacteria reach the small intestine, they multiply and produce cholera toxin. The toxin causes the cells lining the small intestine to secrete large amounts of water and electrolytes into the lumen of the intestine, leading to profuse watery diarrhea.

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cycle of diseasesdisease
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    There are different cycles of diseases. The stages of the disease cycle are inoculation, penetration, infection, incubation, reproduction, and survival. Knowing and understanding the disease cycle for a particular disease is very helpful in managing the disease. There are two types of disease cyclesRead more

    There are different cycles of diseases. The stages of the disease cycle are inoculation, penetration, infection, incubation, reproduction, and survival. Knowing and understanding the disease cycle for a particular disease is very helpful in managing the disease. There are two types of disease cycles: monocyclic and polycyclic.

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