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Sulfur is a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16. It is abundant, multivalent and nonmetallic. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with a chemical formula S8. Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow, crystalline solid at room temperature.

Sulfur is the tenth most abundant element by mass in the universe and the fifth most on Earth. Though sometimes found in pure, native form, sulfur on Earth usually occurs as sulfide and sulfate minerals. Being abundant in native form, sulfur was known in ancient times, being mentioned for its uses in ancient India, ancient Greece, China, and ancient Egypt. Historically and in literature sulfur is also called brimstone, which means “burning stone”. Today, almost all elemental sulfur is produced as a byproduct of removing sulfur-containing contaminants from natural gas and petroleum. The greatest commercial use of the element is the production of sulfuric acid for sulfate and phosphate fertilizers, and other chemical processes. Sulfur is used in matches, insecticides, and fungicides. Many sulfur compounds are odoriferous, and the smells of odorized natural gas, skunk scent, grapefruit, and garlic are due to organosulfur compounds. Hydrogen sulfide gives the characteristic odor to rotting eggs and other biological processes.

Sulfur is an essential element for all life, but almost always in the form of organosulfur compounds or metal sulfides. Amino acids (two proteinogenic: cysteine and methionine, and many other non-coded: cystine, taurine, etc.) and two vitamins (biotin and thiamine) are organosulfur compounds crucial for life. Many cofactors also contain sulfur, including glutathione, and iron–sulfur proteins. Disulfides, S–S bonds, confer mechanical strength and insolubility of the (among others) protein keratin, found in outer skin, hair, and feathers. Sulfur is one of the core chemical elements needed for biochemical functioning and is an elemental macronutrient for all living organisms.

Asked: 5 days agoIn:
Zannat
Begginer

Regarding this points – Disease variety, discharge and color, modalities, causation, sensation, thermal relation, appearance, food desire, appearance, mental state.

Regarding this points – Disease variety, discharge and color, modalities, causation, sensation, thermal relation, appearance, food desire, appearance, mental state.

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skin diseasessulphururtica urens
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala
    This answer was edited.

    Sulphur vs Urtica Urens in Skin Diseases 1. Disease variety: Chronic: eczema, urticaria, boils, acne, tetters, suppressed eruptions, bed-sores (1,3). (Sulphur)| Acute: urticaria/hives, angio-oedema, erysipelas, first-degree burns, scalds, sunburn, bee-stings (2,4). (Urtica Urens) 2. Discharge &Read more

    Sulphur vs Urtica Urens in Skin Diseases

    1. Disease variety: Chronic: eczema, urticaria, boils, acne, tetters, suppressed eruptions, bed-sores (1,3). (Sulphur)| Acute: urticaria/hives, angio-oedema, erysipelas, first-degree burns, scalds, sunburn, bee-stings (2,4). (Urtica Urens)
    2. Discharge & colour: Dry skin; discharges offensive, acrid, excoriating (1,3). (Sulphur)| Moist, clear sticky exudate; white-centred wheals with red areola (2,4). (Urtica Urens)
    3. Modalities: open air, dry weather, motion (1,3). (Sulphur)| rubbing, warmth (2,4). (Urtica Urens)
    4. Causation: Suppressed eruptions, vaccinations, alcohol, drugs, psora (1,3). (Sulphur)| Shellfish, stings, overheating→sudden cooling, suppression of milk/eruptions (2,4). (Urtica Urens)
    5. Sensation: Voluptuous itching (“good to scratch”), burning (1,3). (Sulphur)| Stinging-burning, formication, prickling (2,4). (Urtica Urens)
    6. Thermal relation: Hot patient; worse heat/warmth (1,3). (Sulphur)| Hot skin but chilly patient; worse cold (2,4). (Urtica Urens)
    7. Appearance: Dry, rough, scaly, unhealthy; red orifices; injuries suppurate (1,3). (Sulphur)| Raised white-centred wheals, erythema, vesicles, oedema (2,4). (Urtica Urens)
    8. Food desire: Desires sweets, spicy, fats, alcohol; aversion to milk, eggs, meat, bathing (1,3). (Sulphur)| Aversion to shellfish, rich foods; no strong desires (2,4). (Urtica Urens)
    9. Mental state: “Ragged philosopher” — egotistic, untidy, lazy, philosophic, irritable (1,3,5). (Sulphur)| Irritable, restless, anxious, driven by surface discomfort (2,4). (Urtica Urens)

    Quick differentiator: Sulphur = chronic, dry, hot, philosophical. Urtica urens = acute, stinging, cold-aggravated, from shellfish/suppression.

    References
    1. Boericke W. *Pocket Manual of Homoeopathic Materia Medica*. 9th ed. 1927. Sulphur. http://www.homeoint.org/books/boericmm/s/sulph.htm
    2. Boericke W. *Pocket Manual of Homoeopathic Materia Medica*. 9th ed. 1927. Urtica urens. http://www.homeoint.org/books/boericmm/u/urt-u.htm
    3. Clarke JH. *A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica*. 1900. Sulphur. http://www.homeoint.org/clarke/s/sul.htm
    4. Clarke JH. *A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica*. 1900. Urtica urens. http://www.homeoint.org/clarke/u/urt_u.htm
    5. Vithoulkas G. Sulphur – Kent’s Materia Medica. https://www.vithoulkas.com/learning-tools/materia-medica-kent/sulphur-kent/

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Asked: 7 days agoIn:
Zannat
Begginer

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sulphurthirst
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala
    This answer was edited.

    Thirst in the Homoeopathic Sulphur Patient The homoeopathic remedy Sulphur is a major polychrest derived from elemental sulfur and is characterized by a distinctive picture of burning sensations, a warm-blooded constitution, and characteristic thirst patterns(1). Patients frequently describe a stronRead more

    Thirst in the Homoeopathic Sulphur Patient

    The homoeopathic remedy Sulphur is a major polychrest derived from elemental sulfur and is characterized by a distinctive picture of burning sensations, a warm-blooded constitution, and characteristic thirst patterns(1). Patients frequently describe a strong desire for cold water, often consumed in large quantities, accompanied by aggravation following warm drinks(2). The thirst is typically worse at night, particularly during sleep, and may be associated with dryness of the mouth on waking(3).

    Sulphur patients commonly exhibit a constitutional aversion to warmth, with marked relief obtained from cool air and cool applications(4). The thirst symptom does not occur in isolation; rather, it forms part of a broader syndrome that includes burning of the palms and soles, skin eruptions with intense itching, and aggravation from bathing(5). Hahnemann first described the characteristic features of Sulphur in his original provings, and these observations have been elaborated by subsequent homeopathic clinicians(1,6).

    In clinical practice, the quality of thirst — including timing, temperature preference, and modalities — provides essential information for remedy differentiation(7). Remedies that may share certain thirst features with Sulphur include Phosphorus, Natrum muriaticum, and Veratrum album, each of which displays a distinctive thirst profile(8).

    Reference

    1. Hahnemann S. Materia Medica Pura. Vol. 2. Translated by Dudgeon RE. New Delhi: B. Jain Publishers; 1990. p. 501–545.

    2. Allen TF. The Encyclopedia of Pure Materia Medica. Vol. 9. New York: Boericke & Tafel; 1879. p. 142–198.

    3. Clarke JH. A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica. Vol. 3. London: The Homeopathic Publishing Company; 1900. p. 1234–1252.

    4. Kent JT. Lectures on Homeopathic Materia Medica. Philadelphia: Boericke & Tafel; 1905. p. 946–960.

    5. Boericke W. Pocket Manual of Homeopathic Materia Medica. 9th ed. Santa Rosa, CA: Boericke & Tafel; 1927. p. 613–618.

    6. Vithoulkas G. The Science of Homeopathy. New York: Grove Press; 1980. p. 215–228.

    7. Herscu P. The Homeopathic Treatment of Children: Pediatric Constitutional Types. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books; 1991. p. 102–118.

    8. Morrison R. Desktop Guide to Keynotes and Confirmatory Symptoms. Albany, CA: Hahnemann Clinic Publishing; 1993. p. 327–331.

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Asked: 2 weeks agoIn: ,
Zannat
Begginer

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burningmedorrhinumsulphur
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Burning Symptoms: Medorrhinum vs Sulphur Medorrhinum 1. of hands and feet — wants them uncovered, fanned, or held out of bed at night (a keynote) 2. Burning in urethra during and after urination 3. Burning in vagina / labia with acrid, fishy, or pungent leucorrhoea 4. Burning in rectum and anus, witRead more

    Burning Symptoms: Medorrhinum vs Sulphur

    Medorrhinum

    1. of hands and feet — wants them uncovered, fanned, or held out of bed at night (a keynote)
    2. Burning in urethra during and after urination
    3. Burning in vagina / labia with acrid, fishy, or pungent leucorrhoea
    4. Burning in rectum and anus, with tenesmus; feels raw after stool
    5. Burning palms and soles that become hot to touch — patient seeks cool air
    6. Burning sensations relieved by cool applications, worsened by warmth of bed
    – Internal burning heat contrasted with a surface that is cold to touch

    Sulphur

    1. Burning of palms and soles, especially at night — wants feet uncovered or stuck out of bed (the classic Sulphur keynote)
    2. Burning of the whole body, particularly the vertex of the head and the orifices (eyes, ears, nose, mouth, anus, urethra, vagina)
    3. Burning sensations accompanied by itching; scratching gives a pleasurable, almost voluptuous relief
    4. Burning that is aggravated by warmth (warm room, warm bed, woollens) and relieved by cool, open air
    5. Burning sensations with red orifices, redness of ears, lips, nose
    6. Burning of the skin with vesicular or pustular eruptions
    7. A chronic, congested burning — patient feels a constant, dry internal heat, often with a sinking or empty 11 a.m. sensation

    Key Differences

    1. Site of burning: Hands, feet, urethra, vagina, rectum (Medorrhinum)| Palms, soles, vertex, all orifices (Sulphur)
    2. Relation to warmth: Worse from warmth, better cool (Medorrhinum)| Worse from warmth, better cool (similar) (Sulphur)
    3. Itching: May be present but not dominant (Medorrhinum)| Marked itching; scratching feels good (Sulphur)
    4. Discharge: Acrid, fishy, tenacious mucus (Medorrhinum)| Scanty or absent; skin is dry (Sulphur)
    5. Orifices: Burning without marked redness (Medorrhinum)| Red, inflamed orifices (Sulphur)
    6. Constitutional picture: Sycotic miasm — gonorrhoeal history, warts, condylomata (Medorrhinum)| Psoric miasm — skin eruptions, dirty-looking skin, philosophical/ragged (Sulphur)
    7. Sleep / posture: Hands and feet hot, wants them uncovered (Medorrhinum)| Feet hot at night, sticks them out of bed (Sulphur)
    8. Mental / emotional: Forgets names, words, recent events; impulsive (Medorrhinum)| Selfish, philosophical, defiant about appearance, “ragged philosopher” (Sulphur)
    9. Modalities: Better in cool, open air; worse in warmth (Medorrhinum)| Better in cool, open air; worse in warmth, on standing (fainting) (Sulphur)

    Clinical tip: Both remedies have hot palms and soles that demand cool air — but if there is acrid discharge, sycotic history, and intense burning of the urethral/vaginal mucosa, think Medorrhinum. If there is marked itching, pleasure from scratching, and burning of all orifices with redness, think Sulphur.

    References

    1. Hahnemann S. The Chronic Diseases: Their Specific Nature and Homoeopathic Treatment. New York: William Radde; 1845. Sulphur; pp. 989–1145.
    2. Hering C. The Guiding Symptoms of Our Materia Medica. Vol. VII. Philadelphia: American Publishing Co.; 1888. Medorrhinum; pp. 269–92.
    3. Hering C. The Guiding Symptoms of Our Materia Medica. Vol. IX. Philadelphia: American Publishing Co.; 1890. Sulphur; pp. 405–514.
    4. Allen HC. Keynotes and Characteristics with Comparisons of Some of the Leading Remedies of the Materia Medica. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Boericke & Tafel; 1898. Medorrhinum; pp. 178–82. Sulphur; pp. 304–13.
    5. Boericke W. Pocket Manual of Homoeopathic Materia Medica. 9th ed. Santa Rosa, CA: Boericke & Runyon; 1927. Medorrhinum; pp. 397–400. Sulphur; pp. 591–603.
    6. Clarke JH. A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica. Vol. II. London: Homoeopathic Publishing Co.; 1900. Medorrhinum; pp. 514–22.
    7. Clarke JH. A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica. Vol. III. London: Homoeopathic Publishing Co.; 1902. Sulphur; pp. 1392–1420.
    8. Kent JT. Lectures on Homoeopathic Materia Medica. Philadelphia: Boericke & Tafel; 1905. Sulphur; pp. 882–99.
    9. Tyler ML. Homoeopathic Drug Pictures. 2nd ed. London: Homoeopathic Publishing Co.; 1952. Sulphur; pp. 671–83.
    10. Vermeulen F. Concordant Materia Medica. Haarlem, Netherlands: Emryss bv; 2000. Medorrhinum; pp. 1101–19. Sulphur; pp. 1389–411.
    11. Morrison R. Desktop Guide to Keynotes and Confirmatory Symptoms. Albany, CA: Hahnemann Clinic Publishing; 1993. Medorrhinum; pp. 235–40. Sulphur; pp. 367–74.
    12. Lathoud JA. Materia Medica. Translated from the French. New Delhi: B. Jain Publishers; 2002. Medorrhinum; pp. 470–8. Sulphur; pp. 920–35.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn: ,
Nasim

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differencehepar sulphsulphursymptoms
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Hepar Sulphuris Calcareum and Sulphur are both prominent skin remedies in homeopathy, but they differ significantly in their skin symptom profiles, modalities, and temperament. Here's a clear comparison to help differentiate them: 🧴 Differentiating Skin Symptoms: Hepar Sulph vs. Sulphur | Feature |Read more

    Hepar Sulphuris Calcareum and Sulphur are both prominent skin remedies in homeopathy, but they differ significantly in their skin symptom profiles, modalities, and temperament. Here’s a clear comparison to help differentiate them:

    🧴 Differentiating Skin Symptoms: Hepar Sulph vs. Sulphur

    | Feature | **Hepar Sulphuris Calcareum** 🧊 | **Sulphur** 🔥 |

    1. Type of Skin Affection- Suppurative conditions, boils, abscesses with pus (HSC) | Dry, scaly eruptions; burning sensations (S)
    2. Discharges- Thick, yellow, offensive pus (HSC) | Often dry or moist eruptions with itching (S)
    3. Pain Sensation- Splinter-like pain; extreme sensitivity to touch (HSC) | Burning, itching, aggravated by heat (S)
    4. Modalities (What makes it better/worse)- Worse from cold, touch, and drafts; better in warmth (HSC) | Worse from heat, bathing, and at night; better in open air (S)
    5. Skin Appearance- Red, inflamed, sensitive lesions that tend to suppurate (HSC) | Dirty-looking skin, prone to eruptions and itching (S)
    6. Itching- Less prominent; more pain than itch (HSC) | Intense itching, especially from warmth of bed (S)
    7. Abscesses & Ulcers- Tendency to form pus quickly; very painful (HSC) | Slow to heal; burning and itching dominate (S)
    8. Temperament- Irritable, oversensitive, chilly (HSC) | Lazy, philosophical, warm-blooded, messy (S)
    9. Other Skin Issues- Cracks with pus, painful ulcers (HSC) | Psoriasis, eczema, acne with burning and itching (S)

    🧠 Key Differentiator
    – Hepar Sulph is for acute, painful, pus-forming skin conditions with extreme sensitivity.
    – Sulphur is for chronic, itchy, burning skin conditions with a tendency to relapse and worsen with heat.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
Nasim

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antim crudecomparesulphur
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Comparing Sulphur and Antimonium Crudum on “Aversion to Being Washed” When a patient—or especially a child—refuses washing or bath, both Sulphur and Antimonium Crudum can come into consideration. Below is a side-by-side comparison of this peculiar symptom: Keynote Features - Sulphur - Marked “aversiRead more

    Comparing Sulphur and Antimonium Crudum on “Aversion to Being Washed”

    When a patient—or especially a child—refuses washing or bath, both Sulphur and Antimonium Crudum can come into consideration. Below is a side-by-side comparison of this peculiar symptom:

    Keynote Features

    – Sulphur
    – Marked “aversion to being washed,” with symptoms invariably _worse after a bath_.
    – Typical patient: scrofulous, psoric diathesis; dirty or “filthy” habitus; heat and burning sensations that drive them away from water.

    – Antimonium Crudum
    – Especially in children: cannot bear to be looked at, touched, or washed.
    – Aggravation chiefly from _cold_ bathing or washing; child becomes fretful, irritable, and may scream if one attempts to wash them.

    Modalities Comparison

    | Aspect

    1. Nature of Aversion- General dislike of water contact (Sulphur); Specific fear or loathing of touch and washing (Antimonium Crudum)

    2. Bath Temperature- Any bath exacerbates symptoms (Sulphur); Cold_ water markedly aggravates, warmth relieves (Antimonium Crudum)

    3. Typical Accompaniment- Burning heat, itching < warmth of bed, standing < (Sulphur); Gastric and skin complaints; sour cravings; coated tongue (Antimonium Crudum)

    4. Constitutive Diathesis- Psoric, scrofulous; plethoric, stoop-shouldered (Sulphur); Psoric-rheumatic; children with gastric and skin eruptions (Antimonium Crudum)

    Clinical Tip

    – If the patient’s chief complaint is a filthy, unkempt appearance with relief from rubbing and scratching, Sulphur is top of the list.
    – If the refusal to wash is accompanied by temper tantrums in a child, marked gastric or skin symptoms, and a craving for sour things, Antimonium Crudum aligns more closely.

    This comparison helps refine remedy choice when “aversion to washing” is a prominent or troublesome symptom.

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Asked: 2 years agoIn:
Esrat
Begginer

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antipsoricantipsoric medicinecomparepsorinumsulphur
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Sulphur and Psorinum are both well-known antipsoric remedies in homeopathy, but they have different indications and characteristics: 1. Sulphur -Indications: Sulphur is often used for skin conditions, especially those with itching, burning, and redness. It is also effective for respiratory issues, dRead more

    Sulphur and Psorinum are both well-known antipsoric remedies in homeopathy, but they have different indications and characteristics:

    1. Sulphur
    -Indications: Sulphur is often used for skin conditions, especially those with itching, burning, and redness. It is also effective for respiratory issues, digestive problems, and general debility.
    -Symptoms: Patients needing Sulphur may experience intense itching, burning sensations, and redness on the skin. They may also have a tendency to feel better with warmth and worse with cold.
    -Constitution: Suitable for individuals who are warm-blooded, have a strong sense of self, and may be prone to skin eruptions.

    2. Psorinum
    -Indications: Psorinum is used for chronic skin conditions, respiratory issues, and general weakness. It is particularly effective for conditions that have a history of suppression or have been treated unsuccessfully with other remedies.
    -Symptoms: Symptoms include intense itching, especially at night, scaly or dry skin, and a tendency to feel worse in cold weather. Psorinum is also indicated for chronic respiratory conditions with thick, foul-smelling mucus.
    -Constitution: Suitable for individuals who are extremely sensitive to cold, have a low vitality, and often feel hopeless or anxious about their health.

    3. Comparison
    -Skin Conditions: Both remedies are used for skin conditions, but Sulphur is more commonly associated with burning and itching, while Psorinum is indicated for intense itching, especially at night.
    -Constitution: Sulphur is for warm-blooded, self-confident individuals, whereas Psorinum is for those who are cold-sensitive, have low vitality, and often feel hopeless.
    -General Health: Sulphur is used for a wide range of conditions including respiratory and digestive issues, while Psorinum is particularly effective for chronic conditions with a history of suppression.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
Nasim

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differencephosphorusposturestoop-shouldered posturesulphur
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    To differentiate between Sulphur and Phosphorus in cases of stoop-shouldered posture, consider the following characteristics: 1. Sulphur -General Appearance: Individuals may have a tendency to stoop, but they are often robust and strong. -Skin and Scalp: Dry, rough skin and scalp, with a tendency toRead more

    To differentiate between Sulphur and Phosphorus in cases of stoop-shouldered posture, consider the following characteristics:

    1. Sulphur
    -General Appearance: Individuals may have a tendency to stoop, but they are often robust and strong.
    -Skin and Scalp: Dry, rough skin and scalp, with a tendency to perspire on the head.
    -Behavior: They may be irritable, impatient, and have a strong desire for independence.
    -Cravings: Cravings for sweets, spicy foods, and fats.
    -Emotional State: They can be very self-centered and may have a strong sense of their own importance.

    2. Phosphorus
    -General Appearance: Individuals often have a more delicate, fragile build and may present with a stooped posture.
    -Skin and Scalp: Pale, delicate skin and scalp, with a tendency to bleed easily.
    -Behavior: They may be more dependent on others, seeking support and reassurance.
    -Cravings: Cravings for cold drinks, ice, and salty foods.
    -Emotional State: They can be very impressionable, easily influenced by others, and may have a tendency to be fearful and anxious.

    3. Key Differences
    -Physical Strength: Sulphur individuals are generally stronger and more robust, while Phosphorus individuals are more delicate and fragile.
    -Skin and Scalp: Sulphur has dry, rough skin and scalp, whereas Phosphorus has pale, delicate skin and scalp.
    -Behavior and Emotions: Sulphur is more independent and self-centered, while Phosphorus is more dependent and impressionable.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
Nasim

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sulphur
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Sulphur is not typically used as a primary remedy for pneumonia, but it can be considered in certain cases, especially when there are accompanying symptoms that align with its profile. Here are some characteristic symptoms of pneumonia where Sulphur might be considered: 1. Cough: Persistent cough wiRead more

    Sulphur is not typically used as a primary remedy for pneumonia, but it can be considered in certain cases, especially when there are accompanying symptoms that align with its profile. Here are some characteristic symptoms of pneumonia where Sulphur might be considered:

    1. Cough: Persistent cough with thick, yellow, green, or brown phlegm.
    2. Breathing Difficulties: Rapid, shallow breathing and shortness of breath, even at rest.
    3. Fever and Chills: High fever accompanied by sweating and shivering.
    4. Chest Pain: Pain that worsens with coughing or deep breathing.
    5. General Malaise: Feeling very tired or weak, with a loss of appetite.
    6. Rapid Heartbeat: Tachycardia, which is a rapid heart rate.

    Sulphur is often indicated when there is a significant presence of yellow discharges, burning sensations, and a general state of weakness. However, it’s important to consult with a qualified homeopath for an accurate prescription based on the individual’s complete symptom picture.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
Nasim

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constitutionsulphur
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    1. Lean, thin, slender persons. 2. Stooping- shoulders and walk and sit stoop. 3. Nervous, plethoric, active and quick tempered. 4. Standing is the most uncomfortable position. 5. Dirty, filthy patients. 6. Miasmatic Background: Psora. 7. Temperament: Nervous. 8. Diathesis: Scrofulous. 9. Thermal ReRead more

    1. Lean, thin, slender persons.
    2. Stooping- shoulders and walk and sit stoop.
    3. Nervous, plethoric, active and quick tempered.
    4. Standing is the most uncomfortable position.
    5. Dirty, filthy patients.
    6. Miasmatic Background: Psora.
    7. Temperament: Nervous.
    8. Diathesis: Scrofulous.
    9. Thermal Relationship: Hot patient.

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