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Bacterial spores are highly resistant, dormant structures (i.e. no metabolic activity) formed in response to adverse environmental conditions. They help in the survival of the organisms during adverse environmental conditions; they do not have a role in reproduction. Spore formation (sporulation) ocRead more
Bacterial spores are highly resistant, dormant structures (i.e. no metabolic activity) formed in response to adverse environmental conditions. They help in the survival of the organisms during adverse environmental conditions; they do not have a role in reproduction.
Spore formation (sporulation) occurs when nutrients, such as sources of carbon and nitrogen are depleted. Bacterial spores are highly resistant to
Heat
Dehydration
Radiation and
Chemicals.
Structure of Bacterial Spore:
An endospore is structurally and chemically more complex than the vegetative cell. It contains more layers than vegetative cells. The resistance of Bacterial spore may be mediated by dipicolinic acid, a calcium ion chelator found only in spores. When the favorable condition prevail, (i.e. availability of water, appropriate nutrients) spores germination occurs which forms vegetative cells of pathogenic bacteria.
The main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are that prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus. Prokaryotic cells have no membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have various organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplRead more
The main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are that prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus. Prokaryotic cells have no membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have various organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, etc. Prokaryotic cells are smaller (0.1-5 μm) and unicellular, while eukaryotic cells are larger (10-100 μm) and mostly multicellular.
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