Write down the symptoms of nephrolithiasis.

ashfaq ahmed
Nephrolithiasis, also known as kidney stones, can cause a variety of symptoms. The most common symptom is:
1. Severe pain in the back, flank, or groin that comes and goes in waves. Pain may be felt in the belly area or side of the back, below the ribs . Pain may move to the groin area (groin pain), testicles (testicle pain) in men, and labia (vaginal pain) in women. Pain that comes in waves and fluctuates in intensity. Pain caused by a kidney stone may change for instance, shifting to a different location or increasing in intensity as the stone moves through your urinary tract.
2. Pain or burning sensation while urinating
3. Nausea and vomiting.
4. Abnormal urine color (Pink, red or brown urine) or Cloudy or foul-smelling urine.
5. Blood in the urine.
6. Fever and chills (if an infection is present).
7. Painful or frequent urination.
8. A persistent need to urinate, urinating more often than usual or urinating in small amounts.
9. More vague pain or stomach ache that doesn’t go away.