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Some of the common characteristics of Enterobacteria are:
1. Gram-negative.
2. Rod-shaped (usually short bacilli; about 1 – 5 μm).
3. Facultatively anaerobic.
4. Non-sporing.
5. Mostly motile with peritrichous flagella, ( most species in the genera Klebsiella and Shigella are non-motile).
6. Catalase positive, oxidase negative.
7. Both lactose fermenters and non-fermenter.
8. Usually, acid-producing.
9. Usually, nitrate-reducing.
10. Characteristic antigens are known as enterobacterial common antigens (ECA). The outer membrane (O), flagella (H), and capsule (K) are antigens in most enterobacteria.