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Medical laboratory diagnosis:
The primary objective in laboratory diagnosis is to identify whether the diagnosed S. aureus isolate is methicillin-resistant. Since MRSA emerged as a problematic pathogen, a systematic diagnostic approach is necessary for early diagnosis so that treatment with appropriate antibiotics can be initiated as early as possible. For species identification, slide and tube coagulase tests, latex agglutination tests, and PCR-based tests are used. For detection of MRSA, determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of methicillin or oxacillin or cefoxitin using broth micro-dilution method, cefoxitin disk screen, oxacillin agar screen and latex agglutination test for PBP2a and molecular methods for detection of mecA are employed.