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Asked: 3 years agoIn: , , , ,
Esrat

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differenceinfusiontransfusion
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Infusion and transfusion are two types of medical procedures that involve delivering substances into the bloodstream. However, they have some differences: 1. Infusion: is when medications, fluids, nutrients, or other substances are injected into a vein or under the skin using a needle and a catheterRead more

    Infusion and transfusion are two types of medical procedures that involve delivering substances into the bloodstream. However, they have some differences:

    1. Infusion: is when medications, fluids, nutrients, or other substances are injected into a vein or under the skin using a needle and a catheter. Infusion therapy can be used for various purposes, such as treating dehydration, chronic conditions, infections, allergies, or pain.
    2. Transfusion: is when blood or blood products (such as plasma, platelets, or white cells) are donated from another person and put into a patient’s bloodstream. Transfusion therapy can be used for various purposes, such as treating blood loss, anemia, bleeding disorders, or infections.

    Some examples of infusion and transfusion are:

    – Insulin injections for diabetes are a type of subcutaneous infusion.
    – Epidurals for childbirth or surgery are a type of epidural infusion.
    – Blood transfusions for trauma or surgery are a type of intravenous transfusion.
    – Platelet transfusions for leukemia or cancer are a type of intravenous transfusion.

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Asked: 5 years agoIn:
Nasim

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disposal
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Professional dr.basuriwala

    There are several methods of refuse disposal. Some of the common methods are: 1. Dumping into the sea 2. Incineration 3. Sanitary landfilling 4. Composting 5. Ploughing in fields 6. Hog feeding 7. Grinding and discharging to sewage 8. Landfill 9. Waste compaction 10. Vermicomposting

    There are several methods of refuse disposal. Some of the common methods are:

    1. Dumping into the sea
    2. Incineration
    3. Sanitary landfilling
    4. Composting
    5. Ploughing in fields
    6. Hog feeding
    7. Grinding and discharging to sewage
    8. Landfill
    9. Waste compaction
    10. Vermicomposting

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Asked: 5 years agoIn:
Nasim

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disposal
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Professional dr.basuriwala

    There are several methods of excreta disposal. Some of the common methods are: 1. Unsewered areas: This includes service type and non-service type latrines, borehole latrines, dug-well latrines, water-seal type latrines, septic tanks, aqua privy, shallow trench latrines, deep trench latrines, pit laRead more

    There are several methods of excreta disposal. Some of the common methods are:

    1. Unsewered areas: This includes service type and non-service type latrines, borehole latrines, dug-well latrines, water-seal type latrines, septic tanks, aqua privy, shallow trench latrines, deep trench latrines, pit latrine, borehole latrine.
    2. Sewered areas: This includes a water carriage system, a conservancy system, and a septic tank system.
    3. Other methods: This includes incineration, chemical toilets, and ecological sanitation.

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Asked: 5 years agoIn:
Nasim

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sanitation
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Professional dr.basuriwala

    Sanitation barriers refer to physical or procedural measures that are put in place to prevent the spread of germs, bacteria, and viruses that can cause illnesses. These barriers can be used in a variety of settings, such as healthcare facilities, food processing plants, and public restrooms. Some exRead more

    Sanitation barriers refer to physical or procedural measures that are put in place to prevent the spread of germs, bacteria, and viruses that can cause illnesses. These barriers can be used in a variety of settings, such as healthcare facilities, food processing plants, and public restrooms.

    Some examples of sanitation barriers include:

    Hand hygiene stations: These are stations where individuals can wash their hands or use hand sanitizers to reduce the risk of transmitting germs.

    Personal protective equipment (PPE): PPE such as gloves, masks, and gowns can be worn to protect individuals from exposure to potentially harmful substances.

    Isolation rooms: These rooms are used to isolate patients who have infectious diseases and prevent the spread of the disease to others.

    Physical barriers: Physical barriers, such as partitions and dividers, can be used to separate individuals and prevent the spread of germs.

    Air filtration systems: These systems can help to remove harmful airborne particles and maintain a clean and healthy environment.

    Overall, sanitation barriers play a crucial role in maintaining public health and preventing the spread of infectious diseases.

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Asked: 5 years agoIn:
Nasim

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latrine
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Professional dr.basuriwala

    A pit latrine, also known as pit toilet, is a type of toilet that collects human feces in a hole in the ground. Urine and feces enter the pit through a drop hole in the floor, which might be connected to a toilet seat or squatting pan for user comfort.Pit latrines can be built to function without waRead more

    A pit latrine, also known as pit toilet, is a type of toilet that collects human feces in a hole in the ground. Urine and feces enter the pit through a drop hole in the floor, which might be connected to a toilet seat or squatting pan for user comfort.Pit latrines can be built to function without water (dry toilet) or they can have a water seal (pour-flush pit latrine). When properly built and maintained, pit latrines can decrease the spread of disease by reducing the amount of human feces in the environment from open defecation. This decreases the transfer of pathogens between feces and food by flies. These pathogens are major causes of infectious diarrhea and intestinal worm infections.

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Asked: 5 years agoIn:
Nasim

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latrine
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Professional dr.basuriwala

    A sanitary latrine is a type of latrine that is designed to be more hygienic than other types of latrines. It is usually a pit latrine that has a concrete slab or platform with a hole in the middle for the waste to fall through. The slab or platform is designed to be easy to clean and disinfect, whiRead more

    A sanitary latrine is a type of latrine that is designed to be more hygienic than other types of latrines. It is usually a pit latrine that has a concrete slab or platform with a hole in the middle for the waste to fall through. The slab or platform is designed to be easy to clean and disinfect, which helps to prevent the spread of disease.

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Asked: 5 years agoIn:
Nasim

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latrine
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Professional dr.basuriwala

    1. Excreta should not contaminate the ground or surface water. 2. Excreta should not pollute the soil. 3. Excreta should not be accessible to flies, rodents or animals. 4. Excreta should not create bad odor or ugly appearance.

    1. Excreta should not contaminate the ground or surface water.

    2. Excreta should not pollute the soil.

    3. Excreta should not be accessible to flies, rodents or animals.

    4. Excreta should not create bad odor or ugly appearance.

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Asked: 5 years agoIn: ,
Nasim

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difference
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Professional dr.basuriwala

    Case-control: 1. Proceed from effect to cause. 2. Start with the disease. 3. Test whether the suspected causes occur more frequently in those with the diseases than among those without the disease. 4.Usually the first approach to the testing of a hypothesis. 5. Involve a fewer number of subjects. 6.Read more

    Case-control:
    1. Proceed from effect to cause.
    2. Start with the disease.
    3. Test whether the suspected causes occur more frequently in those with the diseases than among those without the disease.
    4.Usually the first approach to the testing of a hypothesis.
    5. Involve a fewer number of subjects.
    6. Quick result.
    7. Suitable for rare diseases.
    8. Only for odds ratio.
    9. Can’t yield information about the diseases.
    10. Temporal association is never proven.
    11. Recall bias is a potential problem.
    12. Relatively inexpensive.
    Cohort study:
    1. Proceed from cause to effect.
    2. Start with people exposed to risk factors or suspected cause.
    3. Test whether diseases occur more frequently than in those not similarly exposed.
    4. Reserved for testing or preciously formulated hypothesis.
    5. Involve a larger number of subjects.
    6. Long follow-up period.
    7. Not suitable for rare diseases.
    8. Relative and attributive risk.
    9. Can yield information about more than one disease outcome.
    10. Temporal association is proven.
    11. Recall bias is not an issue.
    12. Expensive.

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Asked: 5 years agoIn:
Nasim

 

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cohort study
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Professional dr.basuriwala

    Cohort studies are a type of longitudinal study—an approach that follows research participants over a period of time (often many years). Specifically, cohort studies recruit and follow participants who share a common characteristic, such as a particular occupation or demographic similarity. During tRead more

    Cohort studies are a type of longitudinal study—an approach that follows research participants over a period of time (often many years). Specifically, cohort studies recruit and follow participants who share a common characteristic, such as a particular occupation or demographic similarity. During the period of follow-up, some of the cohort will be exposed to a specific risk factor or characteristic; by measuring outcomes over a period of time, it is then possible to explore the impact of this variable (eg, identifying the link between smoking and lung cancer in the British Doctors Study.) Cohort studies are, therefore, of particular value in epidemiology, helping to build an understanding of what factors increase or decrease the likelihood of developing disease.

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Asked: 5 years agoIn: , , , , , , ,
Nasim
Begginer

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difference
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Epidemiology: 1. Focus on the group (community population). 2. Use quantitative tools for community diagnosis. 3. Take into account all factors which cause diseases. 4. Can form assumptions and hypotheses. 5. Help in public health policy formulation. 6. Quantitative and qualitative science. 7. Can iRead more

    Epidemiology:
    1. Focus on the group (community population).
    2. Use quantitative tools for community diagnosis.
    3. Take into account all factors which cause diseases.
    4. Can form assumptions and hypotheses.
    5. Help in public health policy formulation.
    6. Quantitative and qualitative science.
    7. Can identify the souse or source of the outbreak.
    8. Basic prevention: Primary.
    9. Observation.
    Clinical Medicine:
    1. Focus on an individual (hospital, clinic, etc).
    2. Use lab tools for individual diagnosis.
    3. Does not take other factors into account.
    4. Dose not form an assumption.
    5. Can form treatment individual diagram.
    6. Not a qualitative science.
    7. Can evolute methods.
    8. Basic prevention: Secondary and tertiary.
    9. Experimental.

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