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What are the process of measurement of I.Q ?
IQ, or intelligence quotient, is a measure of a person's ability to reason and solve problems. It is expressed as a number and is an estimate, with a given amount of measurement error. Historically, IQ was calculated by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligenceRead more
IQ, or intelligence quotient, is a measure of a person’s ability to reason and solve problems. It is expressed as a number and is an estimate, with a given amount of measurement error. Historically, IQ was calculated by dividing a person’s mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person’s chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months. The resulting fraction was multiplied by 100 to obtain the IQ score. For modern IQ tests, the raw score is transformed to a normal distribution with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. This results in approximately two-thirds of the population scoring between IQ 85 and IQ 115 and about 2.5 percent each above 130 and below 70.
See lessWhat are the importance of play during childhood?
Play is an essential part of a child's development. It is key to children’s learning, development, confidence, and well-being. Play helps children develop cognitively, physically, socially, and emotionally. It provides a primary foundation for learning, exploring, problem-solving, and building an unRead more
Play is an essential part of a child’s development. It is key to children’s learning, development, confidence, and well-being. Play helps children develop cognitively, physically, socially, and emotionally. It provides a primary foundation for learning, exploring, problem-solving, and building an understanding of the world and its role within it. Play allows children to emulate what they see and practice skills. It gives them an outlet for creativity and experimentation, and play helps them learn how to interact and communicate with others. Play also offers an ideal opportunity for parents to engage fully with their children.
See lessWhat is behavior?
Behavior refers to the actions and reactions of an individual or group in response to internal or external stimuli. It encompasses a wide range of activities, including physical actions, verbal and nonverbal communication, and cognitive processes. Behavior can be conscious or unconscious, voluntaryRead more
Behavior refers to the actions and reactions of an individual or group in response to internal or external stimuli. It encompasses a wide range of activities, including physical actions, verbal and nonverbal communication, and cognitive processes. Behavior can be conscious or unconscious, voluntary or involuntary, and can be influenced by various factors such as genetics, environment, and past experiences.
See lessWhat are the difference between normal & abnormal behavior?
Normal behavior refers to expected behavior in individuals while abnormal behavior refers to behavioral patterns that go against social expectations. Normality is conformity to norms while abnormality is deviance from the norms. Normality usually leads to a healthy state of mind and living while abnRead more
Normal behavior refers to expected behavior in individuals while abnormal behavior refers to behavioral patterns that go against social expectations. Normality is conformity to norms while abnormality is deviance from the norms. Normality usually leads to a healthy state of mind and living while abnormalities may lead to mental or emotional distress.
See lessWhat do you mean by personality disorder? Classify it.
A personality disorder is a mental health condition where people have a lifelong pattern of seeing themselves and reacting to others in ways that cause problems. People with personality disorders often have a hard time understanding emotions and tolerating distress, and they act impulsively. This maRead more
A personality disorder is a mental health condition where people have a lifelong pattern of seeing themselves and reacting to others in ways that cause problems. People with personality disorders often have a hard time understanding emotions and tolerating distress, and they act impulsively. This makes it hard for them to relate to others, causing serious issues, and affecting their family life, social activities, work and school performance, and overall quality of life.
Personality disorders are classified into three clusters based on their characteristics:
1. Cluster A- personality disorders involve unusual and eccentric thinking or behaviors. These include Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal personality disorders.
2. Cluster B- personality disorders involve dramatic and erratic behaviors. These include Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic personality disorders.
3. Cluster C- personality disorders involve anxious and fearful behaviors. These include Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive personality disorders.
Each of these clusters has different symptoms in common.
See lessDefine mental retardation or intellectual disability.
Mental retardation is an outdated term that was used to describe individuals with significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. The term is now considered pejorative and has been replaced with the term "intellectual disability" (ID). ID is defined by an IQ under 70, in addition to deRead more
Mental retardation is an outdated term that was used to describe individuals with significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. The term is now considered pejorative and has been replaced with the term “intellectual disability” (ID). ID is defined by an IQ under 70, in addition to deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors that affect everyday, general living.
See lessDiscuss the treatment of mental retardation or Intellectual disability.
Intellectual disability (ID), formerly known as mental retardation, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. It is defined by an IQ under 70, in addition to deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors that affect everyday, generalRead more
Intellectual disability (ID), formerly known as mental retardation, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. It is defined by an IQ under 70, in addition to deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors that affect everyday, general living.
Treatment for ID begins with the development of a comprehensive management plan and early interventions to help the child get better learning and communication skills. Therapy options include special education, speech and physical therapy, and family counseling to help the family of the patient cope with the patient’s condition.
See lessClassify mental retardation or Intellectual disability.
Intellectual disability is commonly identified through standardized intelligence tests, with an IQ of 70 being the usual upper borderline for those needing special care and training. There are four categories of cognitive impairment: 1. Mild, 2. Moderate, 3. Severe, and 4. Profound. DSM-V places lesRead more
Intellectual disability is commonly identified through standardized intelligence tests, with an IQ of 70 being the usual upper borderline for those needing special care and training. There are four categories of cognitive impairment:
See less1. Mild,
2. Moderate,
3. Severe, and
4. Profound.
DSM-V places less emphasis on IQ scores and more on the amount and type of intervention needed.
Discuss the causes of mental retardation or Intellectual disability.
Intellectual disability, also known as ID, is a condition diagnosed before age 18 that includes below-average intellectual function and a lack of skills necessary for daily living. There are many causes of intellectual disability, but doctors find a specific reason in only 25% of cases. Some of theRead more
Intellectual disability, also known as ID, is a condition diagnosed before age 18 that includes below-average intellectual function and a lack of skills necessary for daily living. There are many causes of intellectual disability, but doctors find a specific reason in only 25% of cases. Some of the most common causes include genetic conditions like:
See less1. Down’s syndrome,
2. Pregnancy problems like preeclampsia,
3. Infections,
4. Certain drugs and substance abuse,
5. Deprivation of oxygen during childbirth,
6. Severe head injury,
7. Extreme malnutrition,
8. Infections causing brain damage like meningitis, measles, and whooping cough. or
9. Anything that interferes with brain development can cause intellectual disabilities.