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Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops (gestates) inside a woman’s uterus (womb).

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abortionclassificationscomplicationsdiseasespregnancyrubricstypes
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    There are two broad categories of abortion: 1. Spontaneous abortion (miscarriage), in which the body naturally ends a pregnancy before fetal viability (usually before 20–24 weeks). 2. Induced abortion, the deliberate termination of a pregnancy by medical or surgical means. Induced abortions break doRead more

    There are two broad categories of abortion:
    1. Spontaneous abortion (miscarriage), in which the body naturally ends a pregnancy before fetal viability (usually before 20–24 weeks).
    2. Induced abortion, the deliberate termination of a pregnancy by medical or surgical means.

    Induced abortions break down into two main types:
    • Medical abortion uses prescription pills—most often mifepristone followed by misoprostol—to halt pregnancy development and expel uterine contents. It’s approved up to about 10 weeks’ gestation, and can be clinician-supported in-person or via telehealth, or self-managed at home. Medical abortion accounts for over half of U.S. terminations and carries a low (< 2%) complication rate.

    • Surgical abortion employs instruments to remove pregnancy tissue. The most common first-trimester procedure is vacuum aspiration (manual or electric), generally done up to 14 weeks. In the second trimester (roughly 12–24 weeks), providers typically use dilation and evacuation (D&E), which combines cervical dilation with suction and surgical instruments to clear uterine contents.

    In rare late-term situations (after about 20–21 weeks), a labor-induction abortion may be performed: medications induce contractions to deliver the fetus and placenta. Fewer than 1% of U.S. abortions occur this late, usually for severe fetal anomalies or maternal health risks.

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  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Uterine fibroids can have several effects on pregnancy, depending on their size, number, and location. Here are some potential impacts: 1. Pain and Discomfort: Women with fibroids may experience pain and discomfort, especially in the later stages of pregnancy. 2. Fetal Growth Restriction: Large fibrRead more

    Uterine fibroids can have several effects on pregnancy, depending on their size, number, and location. Here are some potential impacts:
    1. Pain and Discomfort: Women with fibroids may experience pain and discomfort, especially in the later stages of pregnancy.
    2. Fetal Growth Restriction: Large fibroids can limit the space available for the fetus to grow, potentially leading to restricted fetal growth.
    3. Placental Abruption: Fibroids can cause the placenta to detach from the uterine wall prematurely, reducing the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the baby.
    4. Preterm Delivery: The presence of fibroids can increase the risk of preterm labor and delivery.
    5. Cesarean Delivery: Women with fibroids are more likely to require a cesarean section (C-section) due to complications such as abnormal fetal position or labor difficulties.
    6. Breech Position: Fibroids can cause the baby to be in a breech position (feet-first instead of head-first), complicating vaginal delivery.
    7. Miscarriage: There is an increased risk of miscarriage in women with fibroids.

    It’s important for women with fibroids to be closely monitored by their healthcare provider throughout pregnancy to manage any potential complications.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
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abortioncomplicationsdiseasespregnancyrubricsseptic abortionsepticemias
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    Septic abortion is a serious infection of the uterus that occurs shortly before, during, or after an abortion or miscarriage. It is a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment. The infection can be caused by bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, hemolytiRead more

    Septic abortion is a serious infection of the uterus that occurs shortly before, during, or after an abortion or miscarriage. It is a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment. The infection can be caused by bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, hemolytic streptococci, staphylococci, and some anaerobic organisms like Clostridium perfringens.

    Symptoms typically appear within 24 to 48 hours after the abortion and include chills, fever, vaginal discharge, vaginal bleeding, and a rapid heart rate. If left untreated, septic abortion can lead to severe complications such as septic shock, peritonitis, and organ damage.

    If you suspect septic abortion, it’s crucial to seek medical attention immediately.

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abortioncomplicationsdiseasespregnancyrubricthreatened abortion
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Enlightened dr.basuriwala

    A threatened abortion, also known as a threatened miscarriage, refers to vaginal bleeding that occurs during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. This bleeding is often accompanied by abdominal cramps or lower back pain. The term "threatened" is used because these symptoms indicate that a miscarriage isRead more

    A threatened abortion, also known as a threatened miscarriage, refers to vaginal bleeding that occurs during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. This bleeding is often accompanied by abdominal cramps or lower back pain. The term “threatened” is used because these symptoms indicate that a miscarriage is possible, but not certain. Many pregnancies with these symptoms continue to term without further complications.

    If you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider for proper evaluation and management.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
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  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Teacher dr.basuriwala

    Pregnancy can bring about a variety of signs and symptoms, which can vary from person to person. Here are some common ones experienced throughout the different stages of pregnancy: Early Signs and Symptoms (First Trimester) 1. Missed Period: - Often the first and most obvious sign of pregnancy. 2. MRead more

    Pregnancy can bring about a variety of signs and symptoms, which can vary from person to person. Here are some common ones experienced throughout the different stages of pregnancy:

    Early Signs and Symptoms (First Trimester)
    1. Missed Period:
    – Often the first and most obvious sign of pregnancy.

    2. Morning Sickness:
    – Nausea and vomiting, which can occur at any time of the day.

    3. Fatigue:
    – Feeling unusually tired due to hormonal changes.

    4. Tender, Swollen Breasts:
    – Hormonal changes can make breasts sensitive or sore.

    5. Frequent Urination:
    – Increased blood flow to the kidneys causes more frequent trips to the bathroom.

    6. Food Cravings and Aversions:
    – Changes in taste and smell can lead to strong cravings or aversions to certain foods.

    7. Mood Swings:
    – Hormonal fluctuations can cause emotional ups and downs.

    Second Trimester Symptoms
    1. Growing Belly and Breasts:
    – As the uterus expands, the belly grows, and breasts continue to enlarge.

    2. Braxton Hicks Contractions:
    – Mild, irregular contractions that can feel like a slight tightening in the abdomen.

    3. Skin Changes:
    – Increased pigmentation, resulting in dark patches on the skin, known as melasma.

    4. Nasal Problems:
    – Increased blood flow to the mucous membranes can cause nasal congestion and even nosebleeds.

    5. Leg Cramps:
    – Common, especially at night, due to changes in circulation and increased pressure on the nerves and blood vessels.

    Third Trimester Symptoms
    1. Shortness of Breath:
    – As the baby grows, it can press against the diaphragm, making it harder to breathe.

    2. Swelling:
    – Swelling in the ankles, feet, and hands due to increased fluid retention.

    3. Back Pain:
    – The extra weight and changes in posture can cause back discomfort.

    4. Frequent Urination:
    – The growing baby puts pressure on the bladder, leading to more frequent trips to the bathroom.

    5. Heartburn:
    – The relaxation of the valve between the stomach and esophagus can cause acid reflux.

    These symptoms can vary widely from person to person. If you have any concerns or experience severe symptoms, it’s always best to consult with your healthcare provider.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
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first trimesterpregnancysignsymptoms
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Teacher dr.basuriwala

    During the first trimester of pregnancy, many women experience a variety of signs and symptoms as their bodies adjust to the new changes. Here are some common ones: 1. Missed Period: - Often the first sign of pregnancy. 2. Morning Sickness: - Nausea and vomiting, which can occur at any time of the dRead more

    During the first trimester of pregnancy, many women experience a variety of signs and symptoms as their bodies adjust to the new changes. Here are some common ones:

    1. Missed Period:
    – Often the first sign of pregnancy.

    2. Morning Sickness:
    – Nausea and vomiting, which can occur at any time of the day.

    3. Fatigue:
    – Feeling unusually tired due to hormonal changes.

    4. Tender, Swollen Breasts:
    – Hormonal changes can make breasts sensitive or sore.

    5. Frequent Urination:
    – Increased blood flow to the kidneys causes more frequent trips to the bathroom.

    6. Food Cravings and Aversions:
    – Changes in taste and smell can lead to strong cravings or aversions to certain foods.

    7. Mood Swings:
    – Hormonal fluctuations can cause emotional ups and downs.

    8. Constipation:
    – Hormonal changes can slow down the digestive system.

    9. Heartburn:
    – Relaxation of the valve between the stomach and esophagus can cause acid reflux.

    10. Bloating:
    – Hormonal changes can lead to a feeling of fullness or bloating.

    These symptoms can vary widely from person to person. If you have any concerns or experience severe symptoms, it’s always best to consult with your healthcare provider.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
Nasim

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pregnancysecond trimestersignsymptoms
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Teacher dr.basuriwala

    During the second trimester of pregnancy, many women experience a variety of signs and symptoms as their bodies adjust to the growing baby. Here are some common ones: 1. Growing Belly and Breasts: - As the uterus expands, the belly grows, and breasts continue to enlarge. 2. Braxton Hicks ContractionRead more

    During the second trimester of pregnancy, many women experience a variety of signs and symptoms as their bodies adjust to the growing baby. Here are some common ones:

    1. Growing Belly and Breasts:
    – As the uterus expands, the belly grows, and breasts continue to enlarge.

    2. Braxton Hicks Contractions:
    – These are mild, irregular contractions that can feel like a slight tightening in the abdomen.

    3. Skin Changes:
    – Hormonal changes can lead to increased pigmentation, resulting in dark patches on the skin, known as melasma.

    4. Nasal Problems:
    – Increased blood flow to the mucous membranes can cause nasal congestion and even nosebleeds.

    5. Dental Issues:
    – Hormonal changes can also affect the gums, leading to swelling, tenderness, and bleeding.

    6. Dizziness:
    – Changes in circulation and blood pressure can cause dizziness or lightheadedness.

    7. Leg Cramps:
    – These are common, especially at night, and can be due to changes in circulation and increased pressure on the nerves and blood vessels.

    8. Vaginal Discharge:
    – An increase in vaginal discharge is normal and helps prevent infections.

    9. Increased Appetite:
    – Many women find their appetite increases as the nausea of the first trimester subsides.

    10. Back Pain:
    – As the baby grows, the extra weight can put strain on the back, leading to discomfort.

    These symptoms can vary from person to person. If you have any concerns or experience severe symptoms, it’s always best to consult with your healthcare provider.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
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full term pregnancypregnancy
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Teacher dr.basuriwala

    A full-term pregnancy refers to a pregnancy that has reached between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation. Here's a breakdown of the different classifications within this range: 1. Early Term: 37 weeks to 38 weeks and 6 days 2. Full Term: 39 weeks to 40 weeks and 6 days 3. Late Term: 41 weeks to 41 weeks anRead more

    A full-term pregnancy refers to a pregnancy that has reached between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation. Here’s a breakdown of the different classifications within this range:

    1. Early Term: 37 weeks to 38 weeks and 6 days
    2. Full Term: 39 weeks to 40 weeks and 6 days
    3. Late Term: 41 weeks to 41 weeks and 6 days
    4. Post Term: 42 weeks and beyond

    Reaching full term is important because it allows the baby to develop fully, reducing the risk of complications after birth. Babies born at full term generally have better health outcomes compared to those born earlier.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
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calculationeddmethodpregnancy
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Teacher dr.basuriwala

    There are several methods to calculate the Estimated Due Date (EDD) for a pregnancy. Here are the most common ones: 1. Last Menstrual Period (LMP) Method: - This is the most traditional method. It uses the first day of your last menstrual period to estimate the due date. The formula is: \[ \text{EDDRead more

    There are several methods to calculate the Estimated Due Date (EDD) for a pregnancy. Here are the most common ones:

    1. Last Menstrual Period (LMP) Method:
    – This is the most traditional method. It uses the first day of your last menstrual period to estimate the due date. The formula is:
    \[
    \text{EDD} = \text{LMP} + 1 \text{ year} – 3 \text{ months} + 7 \text{ days}
    \]
    – This method assumes a 28-day menstrual cycle and a 280-day pregnancy.

    2. Ultrasound Method:
    – An ultrasound, especially in the first trimester, is considered the most accurate way to determine the gestational age and EDD. Measurements of the embryo or fetus are used to estimate the due date.

    3. Pregnancy Wheel:
    – This is a tool used by healthcare providers. It involves aligning the date of the last menstrual period with a wheel that shows the estimated due date.

    4. Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Method:
    – For pregnancies resulting from ART, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), the EDD is calculated based on the age of the embryo and the date of transfer.

    5. Conception Date Method:
    – If the exact date of conception is known, the EDD can be calculated by adding 266 days to the conception date.

    Each method has its own advantages and is used based on the available information and the specific circumstances of the pregnancy.

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Asked: 6 years agoIn:
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pregnancyusg
  1. Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH
    Dr Md shahriar kabir B H M S; MPH Teacher dr.basuriwala

    Ultrasound (USG) plays a crucial role in monitoring and managing pregnancy. Here are some key roles and benefits: Confirmation and Dating 1. Confirming Pregnancy: Ultrasound can confirm the presence of a pregnancy and detect the fetal heartbeat. 2. Estimating Gestational Age: It helps determine theRead more

    Ultrasound (USG) plays a crucial role in monitoring and managing pregnancy. Here are some key roles and benefits:

    Confirmation and Dating
    1. Confirming Pregnancy: Ultrasound can confirm the presence of a pregnancy and detect the fetal heartbeat.
    2. Estimating Gestational Age: It helps determine the gestational age and estimate the due date.

    Monitoring Fetal Development
    1. Assessing Growth: Regular ultrasounds monitor the baby’s growth and development, ensuring it is progressing normally.
    2. Detecting Anomalies: It can identify structural abnormalities and congenital conditions early on.

    Evaluating Placenta and Amniotic Fluid
    1. Placental Health: Ultrasound checks the position and health of the placenta, which is vital for the baby’s nourishment.
    2. Amniotic Fluid Levels: It measures the amount of amniotic fluid, which is important for the baby’s protection and development.

    Guiding Procedures
    1. Amniocentesis and CVS: Ultrasound guides procedures like amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling to ensure safety and accuracy.
    2. Fetal Surgery: In rare cases, it assists in performing fetal surgeries.

    Monitoring High-Risk Pregnancies
    1. Multiple Pregnancies: Ultrasound is essential for monitoring twins or higher-order multiples.
    2. Complications: It helps manage conditions like preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and other high-risk factors.

    Preparing for Delivery
    1. Fetal Position: Ultrasound determines the baby’s position in the womb, which is crucial for planning the delivery method.
    2. Estimating Fetal Weight: It helps estimate the baby’s weight, aiding in delivery planning.

    These roles make ultrasound an indispensable tool in prenatal care, ensuring the health and safety of both the mother and the baby.

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